Congenital deformities       

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The word “plastic” literally means “to mold”, in plastic surgery one tissue type/ organ is molded to create another tissue type/organ or to provide cover to a nearby or distant area.
Developed primarily for management of burn cases and victims of war and trauma, it is now seeing its peak of development and is becoming a part and parcel of every ones life.

Plastic & Cosmetic surgery  procedures can broadly be group under these headings:-

Burn & post burn deformity :-
In acute burn , measures are used to allow early healing of burn areas, and in healing phase, to reduce discoloration & deformity.
In post burn, role of a plastic surgeon is there in deformity correction (functional) as well as cosmetic restoration.

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Trauma surgery :-
Includes provision of cover to exposed important tissue, micro-neurovascular surgery in re-plantation, besides this, acute trauma involving hand and forearm are best managed by a plastic & cosmetic surgeon.
Correction of post trauma deformity like restoration of hand function with tendon transfers, joint replacements (hand & forearm only).

Cranio-maxillofacial surgery : - involves correction of congenital and acquired (post trauma or cancer resection) deformities of skull and facial skeleton, including orbit, upper and lower jaw and nose.
Fractures of facial or cranial bones and congenital and acquired clefts of cranio-facial area ( eg. Cleft lip & palate) are managed in same modality.                          ( Back to Top)

Cleft lip & Palate Surgery :-  management of cleft lip & palate starts right after birth. cleft lip & palate are not individual problems but are constellation of so many components some of which can be managed non-surgically in early days after birth and these early small maneuvers help a lot n reconstructive surgery later on and have great impact on final cosmetic appearance of baby.

Deformities with Cleft Lip & Palate:- As such cleft lip deformities can be broadly grouped under three headings -  cleft lip; cleft palate & cleft lip nose deformity.

Cleft in lip ( Discontinuity of Skin ,Muscle & Mucosa); short vertical and horizontal dimension of lip tissue on cleft side, cleft of gingiva (gum) with involvement of tooth buds; underdeveloped maxilla ( upper jaw bone) on cleft side; cleft in floor of nose; deformity of nostril and ala of nose, Deviation of nose, deviation of nasal septum; drooping tip of nose; cleft in palate; Discontinuity of muscles in soft palate which control speech & swallowing.

Management protocol for cleft lip & palate patients:- i ) soon after birth alveolar molding is started to align alveolar arch ( upper jaw) and simple traction devices to reduce cleft dimension. these can be used by parents at home after consultation with a plastic surgeon.

ii) Cleft lip surgery is done at age of three years.

iii) cleft palate surgery is done between age of 9 months to one year.

iv) Speech Assessment at age of 2.5 years and if needed speech therapy  or revision intravelar veloplasty ( soft palate surgery) to improve speech which is usually hyper nasal in these patients.

v) Alveolar arch expansion:- with orthodontic devices, at age of 6 years

vi) alveolar Bone Grafting :- 7-9 years, bone from pelvis ( waist bone) grafted to alveolar arch ( upper jaw) so that bone will become continue , will provide platform for eruption of tooth and support base of nose.

vii) cleft Rhinoplasty:- for correction of cleft lip nose deformity, done once child has crossed age of facial bone maturity , i.e. after 12 years in females and 14-15 years in males.

for information on cleft lip nose deformity correction  you may visit my research work  in research & publication page.       Back to Top

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Hand and forearm surgery :
Acute trauma including fracture of hand bones, other pathologies and reconstruction by tendon reconstruction and/ or tendon transfers.          for details of hand surgery click here
Congenital deformities :-
All over body, mostly head and neck, breast, hand & foot and genitalia.

Genital surgeries :-
include correction of congenital deformities of penis ( like hypospadias, epispadias, abnormal curvature) or vagina (like absence of vagina) post surgery or post trauma deformities, gender reassignment ( sex change) as well as cosmetic restoration of youthful genitalia in both male and female.         for details  of Male & Female  genital surgery  Click Here

Microsurgery:-
used mostly in post trauma or post cancer resection reconstruction, and penis reconstruction. In this surgical modality, spare tissue from some other site is transferred to distant site with restoration of new blood supply at recipient area.                                          ( Back to Top)

Hair Transplant Surgery :- With the advent of  Follicular unit & Micro-follicular Unit Hair transplant , field of hair restoration surgery has totally changed. Once, very costly and unavailable now its the most common cosmetic surgery being sought by every class of people . its well within reach of common population, perhaps the safest cosmetic surgery with invariable good result. for detailed  information please click here on  "Hair Transplant"

Cosmetic (Aesthetic Surgery) :-
perhaps , the most well known modality of plastic surgery to general population is cosmetic surgery. Used to make a person more presentable, to look younger, smarter and more energetic , so ultimately cosmetic surgery is directed towards increasing your working efficiency. Liposuction , Tummy Tuck, Body Contouring, Abdominoplasty,  Rhinoplasty or Nose job, Face Lift,  Blepharoplasty ( eye lids) ,  Breast Augmentation & Reduction surgery are common examples.

 many people think cosmetic surgery always needs use of artificial material, its a big confusion, cosmetic surgery is surgery which is intended to improve your look when function problem is not there, in fact almost every cosmetic surgery involves improvement of both look and function.
                       In fact, a plastic & cosmetic surgeon does every surgery with a good functional and cosmetic sense, goal is always to produce functionally competent and aesthetically pleasant result.

Burn & post burn deformity, Cleft Lip & Palate Surgery Delhi,  Cleft Lip & Palate Surgery India Congenital deformities/ Anomalies, Cosmetic (Aesthetic) Surgery Delhi ,  Cosmetic (Aesthetic) Surgery India   Plastic Surgery Delhi  Plastic Surgery India         ( Back to Top)